Minutes of the Board of Visitors of The Citadel, 1895

Minutes of the Board of Visitors of The Citadel, 1895

Official minutes of the governing body of The Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina.

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Charleston (S. C.)

[Page 1]
Charleston S.C. Jan 11th 1895
The Board met pursuant to a call of the Chairman at the Charleston Hotel at 10 o’clock Friday morning
Present
Col C. S. Gadsden
Col J. P. Thomas
Capt Edward Anderson
Gov. John Gary Evans} Ex-Officio Members
Adj Gen J. Gary Watts
Supt of Ed. W. D. Mayfield
Hon N B. McSweeney
On account of the [illegible] of the Chairman caused by the sickness of Mrs Hagood Gov. Evans asked to provide Col. Thomas on behalf of the of the Committee resident at the Citadel having in charge the interest of the Academy reported that the Committee had evoked faithfully and had proceeded in obtaining an appropriation of $18.000
After a lengthy discussion the following resolution was passed. Resolved. That the salaries of the Supt. and officers of the So. Ca. Mil. Acad. be fixed as follows.
Supt. $2200.00
Full Professors 1500.00
Ass. Prof. of Math. 900.00
Ass. Prof. of Phys. 650.00
Quarter Master 700.00
Surgeon 400.00
Clerk of Chairman 150.00
Commandant of Cadets 200.00
and that the same shall take

[Page 2]
effect and date from Nov. 1st 1894 and contained until further orders.
Resolved that a copy of this resolution be sent at once by the Chairman to the Supt. of the Academy.

Col. J. P. Thomas was elected a member of the Executive Committee since Dr. S. B. Jones deceased.

Board then adjourned.

Edward Anderson
Acting Secretary.

[Page 3]
[Written on side of page.]
Have Board to file vacancy on Executive Committee caused by De. Jones’ death. Important

[Main page.]
Barnwell, S.C., 10 January 1895

Dear Gadsden
I am sorry that the very serious indisposition of Mrs. Hagood prevents my leaving her to attend the meeting of the Board called for 11th inst.
I send by express to the Charleston Hotel the Minute Book. Read to the Meeting from p 458 to 462. This will put the Board in possession of the occasion for their assembly. I am deeply concerned in the issue presented. You are in possession of my views as an individual member of the Board, & I need not repeat them.
Have the minutes of the meeting kept regularly recorded in the Book before returning it to me.
Very Truly Yours
Johnson Hagood
Have the occasion of my absence inserted in minutes.

[Page 4]
Executive Committee
Case of Cadet J. P. Guess
(submitted by correspondence - see record)
Office Chairman Board Visitors
Barnwell S.C. Feb. 20th 1895

The Executive Committee of the Board of Visitors have carefully considered the case of Cadet Guess, who is under suspension for Breach of Garrison Limits, Par. 83 of the Regulations referring to this offence, is mandatory. It reads “Any Cadet who at any time shall wilfully commit a breach of Garrison Limits, shall be dismissed from the Academy.” The adoption for this Regulation was well considered and the reason for it his at the foundation of the successful management of the Academy. No proper leave is refused; but the Cadet aspiring to the high position which his Diploma accompanied by manly self exertion will ensure, must appreciate that before he is worthy to command, he must learn to obey. It is not expected in regard to this regulation that mere mechanical means shall be relied upon for its enforcement. The reliance is upon the force of the matriculation promise given upon honor to obey all the Regulations of the Academy. No higher sanction to my obligation can be conceived.
Once only have the

[Page 5]
Board, before this time, refrained from enforcing absolutely and without considering circumstances, the extreme penalty of dismission for the offence of which Cadet Guess has been guilty. In the light of his repetition of the a [illegible] offence it may appear that the impression has come to prevail, that the offence itself is more venial than the Regulations indicate. The Board, (through the Executive Committee) therefore, in the case of Cadet Guess, order that he be restored to the school upon the following conditions:
1st That he receive 10 demerits.
2nd That he be placed in arrest for 30 days after his return to the Academy.
3rd And that he be reprimanded in orders by the Chairman of the Board of Visitors.
The Chairman of the Board, has no reprimand of Cadet Guess to announce other than the publication on parade of the facts of his case. The Chairman feels assured that he will not again involve himself and those who watch his welfare with interest in such trouble as his thoughtless and unconsidered action in this matter has brought about.
The Chairman further desires to announce to the Corps that Par. 83 of the Regulations will

[Page 6]
hereafter in all cases be enforced in its ultimate penalty.

[Page 7]
Camden S.C.
June 26th 1895

The Board met today at City Hall at 10 A.M., their being present
Gen. Hagood
Col. Thomas
Gen. Watts
Gen. Anderson

Resolved - That the Cadet allowance for clothing be reduced from $72.00 to $62.00 per year.
Communication of Lieut. Jenkins in regard to his salary for extra services.
Resolved - That their being only four members of the Board present, - the matter be referred to the next meeting of the Board.
Regulations
Resolved - That the Superintendent be instructed to prepare a revised edition of the regulations, which when submitted to, and approved by the Chairman be published.
Case of Cadet A. P. McElroy
Resolved - That the suspension of Cadet McElroy be approved. In consideration, however, of the discipline already applied to the case the cadet will be restored to his class in the academy upon his passing before the Academic Board on the re-opening in October next, the examination recently passed by his class.

[Page 8]
Re-apportionment of Beneficiary Cadets
Resolved - That it be referred to the Supt. to calculate and report tomorrow to this Board, the number of Beneficiaries to which each county is entitled according to present representation in the House of Representatives in order that if necessary a re-adjustment may be made to continue meeting the requirements of the law.

Camden S.C. June 27th 1895
The Board met today at 11 A.M. at City Hall, the same members being present, Col. Gadsden coming in during Meeting.
Canvassing the State
Resolved - That an appropriation of $300.00 be made, if so much be necessary, for the purpose of thoroughly canvassing the State in the interest of the Academy, and that the Superintendent be instructed to make such canvass -
Chemical Department
Resolved - That $300.00 be placed at the disposal of Maj. Reese for the use of his Department.
Salary of Lieut Jenkins
The motion of yesterday was reconsidered and the following action taken -
Resolved - That $200.00 be added to the salary of Lieut. Jenkins in addition to that provided at the last meeting of the Board for the current year, in consequence

[Page 9]
of the fact appearing that the reduction in the salary was out of proportion to that of the other officers of the Academy; and the Board desires to express its regrets at the necessity of the reduction which was made in the salaries of all the officers. It hereby declares its intention to restore these salaries at the earliest practicable moment.
Re-apportionment of Beneficiaries
In the matter of re-adjustment of Beneficiary appointments among the different Counties the Supt. reported,
That there being 124 Representatives in the House and 68 appointments to be distributed among the Counties, the calculation shows that Abbeville is entitled to two appointments and has a fraction of 74/100 in excess of this apportionment, reference being had to total population as by 11th U.S. Census.
Aiken is entitled to two appointments and an excess of 64/100.
Anderson 2 Excess .74
Barnwell 2 Excess .74
Beaufort 2 Excess .19
Berkley 3 Excess .29
Charleston 3 Excess .84
Chester 2 Excess .64
Chesterfield 1 Excess .09
Clarendon 1 Excess .64
Colleton 3 Excess .19
Darlington 1 Excess .64
Edgefield 2 Excess .74
Fairfield 1 Excess .74

[Page 10]
Florence 1 Excess .64
Georgetown 1 Excess .09
Greenville 2 Excess .74
Hampton 1 Excess .09
Horry 1 Excess .09
Kershaw 1 Excess .09
Lancaster 1 Excess .09
Laurens 1 Excess .64
Lexington 1 Excess .09
Marion 1 Excess .64
Marlboro 1 Excess .64
Newberry 1 Excess .64
Oconee 1 Excess .09
Orangeburg 2 Excess .74
Pickens 1 Excess .09
Richland 2 Excess .19
Spartanburg 2 Excess .74
Sumter 2 Excess .74
Union 1 Excess .64
Williamsburg 1 Excess .64
York 2 Excess .19
Considering the Superintendents report it is found that after assigning beneficiaries according to the full numbers which the several County Representation’s warranted, there remained sixteen to be distributed among the counties having the largest fractions of population in excess.
An additional beneficiary is therefore assigned to the following Counties having each a fractional excess of 74/100 or over:
Abbeville, Anderson, Barnwell, Charleston, Edgefield, Greenville, Orangeburg, and Sumter.

[Page 11]
There still remaining 8 appointments to be distributed and 12 Counties having an excess of 64/100, lots were drawn between these Counties and the last 8 appointments distributed in accordance therewith.
Aiken, Clarendon, Darlington, Laurens, Marlboro, Newberry, Union, and Williamsburg, each received an additional appointment.
Ordered that the following, therefores, be the re-adjustment among the Counties for Beneficiary appointments; the same to go into effect as vacancies occurr [sic]:
Abbeville 3 Horry 1
Aiken 2 Kershaw 1
Anderson 3 Lancaster 1
Barnwell 3 Laurens 2
Beaufort 2 Lexington 1
Berkley 3 Marion 1
Charleston 4 Marlboro 2
Chester 1 Newberry 2
Chesterfield 1 Oconee 1
Clarendon 2 Orangeburg 3
Colleton 2 Pickens 1
Darlington 2
Edgefield 3 Richland 2 
Fairfield 1 Spartanburg 3
Florence 1 Sumter 3
Georgetown 1 Union 2
Greenville 3 Williamsburg 2
Hampton 1  York 2
68

Camden S.C. June 27 1895
The Board met at 9 P.M. City Hall the same members being present.

[Page 12]
Report of Academic Board
June 27th 1895
The following recommendations are made to the Board of Visitors,
That all the members of the First Class be graduated
That Cadet Anderson M., of the second class deficient in Chemistry & Physics, and Cadet Smith D. of the same class, deficient in English, be turned back to join the Second Class next year.
That Cadets Askins and White, deficient in English, and Cadet Pearce, deficient in drawing, be turned back to join the Third Class of next year.
That Cadet Haile, Beneficiary, deficient in English, be dismissed.
That Cadets Kershaw, Miscally, Fell, Anderson J. and Cleveland, deficient in English, and Cadets Rawlinson & Halsey, deficient in English and below on general average, be turned back to join the next Fourth Class -
That Cadet Kennedy (B), deficient in English, and below on general average be dismissed.
After some discussion by the Board, the following resolution was unanimously adopted,
Moved, That the Academic Board recommend to the Board of Visitors that the Regulations be changed so as to abolish the Semi-Annual Examination, and that the Regulation making the daily marks system obligatory be changed so as to leave

[Page 13]
it to the discretion of the Academic Board to substitute a system of monthly Examinations therefor.
The following action was taken on above Report.
Resolved - That the Report of Academic Board be approved, save so much as refers to the change in the manner of marking cadets: this to be left to the next meeting of the Board.

Camden S.C. June 28th
Board met at 10 A.M. City Hall.
Board convened to consider the following supplemented report of Academic Board.
To the Board of Visitors,
The Academic Board, respectfully submit their action at a meeting held this morning.
In reference to Cadet Haile the following motion was offered by Lieut. Jenkins.
In view of his excellent record as a cadet, and having made the proficient average required, and being a beneficiary cadet not eligible to be turned back to join the next class, the Academic Board desires to withdraw its previous recommendation and to substitute therefor the following:
Cadet Haile being deficient in English, the Academic Board recommends that he be allowed to continue his cadetship upon condition that he pass a satisfactory

[Page 14]
Examination in said branch at the opening of the next Academic year -
The Board would further add that in making its previous recommendation in his case it was guided simply by a desire to report facts and make its recommendation in accordance with the standard required.
The vote on the motion resulted in a tie and the Superintendent cast the deciding vote in favor of the motion.
The following motion in reference to Cadet Pearce was carried by a vote of 4 to 2.
In view of the fact that the deficiency of Cadet Pearce is in drawing only, the Board desires to withdraw its recommendation and to substitute therefor the following:
Cadet Pearce being deficient in drawing the Academic Board recommends that he continue with his class upon condition that he pass such an Examination in October next as will raise his average to the required amount.
Upon consideration it was
Resolved - That the supplemental report of the Academic Board be not approved and that the action of the Board upon the First report of the Academic Board be adherred [sic] to. Board then adjourned.
Edward Anderson
Acting Secretary

[Page 15]
Columbia S.C. Aug 28th 1895

Board met at 12 M. at Hotel Jerome
Present - Gen. Hagood - Chairman
Col. Thomas
Maj. M. B. McSweeney
Butler Hagood was requested to act as Secretary.
There being no quorum, Board adjourned.
Executive Committee convened
Present - Gen. Hagood
Col. Thomas
Maj. McSweeney was requested to act with Committee.

Change in system of Daily Marks
At last meeting of Board of Visitors, the Academic Board recommended -
That the Regulations be changed, so as to abolish the Semi-Annual Examination, and that the Regulation making the daily marks system obligatory, be changed so as to leave it to the discretion of the Academic Board to substitute a system of monthly Examinations therefor -
The consideration of so much of above recommendation as refers to change in system of daily marks, having been postponed to present meeting of the Board,
Resolved - That the recommendation of Academic Board be approved -

Lt. Coleman’s salary
Considering an application from

[Page 16]
Lt. Coleman on this subject,
Ordered - That Lt. Coleman’s salary be raised to $800.00 per annum, to date from 1st Sept. prox.
Cadet Mims
Cadet Mims - Beneficiary - having received an appointment to West Point, is hereby honorably discharged;
Provided - he reimburse the State, the amount expended upon his maintenance and tuition as a Beneficiary Cadet, and that the Superintendent be instructed to collect the same -
Application of K. G Matheson, a former Cadet for a Diploma.
Resolved - That in view of the Ex. Cadet’s honorable record at the Academy, the Board regrets its inability to award him the Diploma asked for, but the Chairman is instructed to furnish him, if he desires it, with such a certificate as his status in the Academy at the period of his retirement would warrant.
Cadet McGowan
Cadet McGowan, suspended for desertion - Ordered that his suspension be confirmed and the Cadet be expelled from the Academy.

Superintendent of Education - Mayfield, having arrived, Executive Committee adjourned.
Board met
Present - Gen. Hagood - Chairman
Col. Thomas
Maj. M. B. McSweeney

[Page 17]
Hon. W. D. Mayfield

The above minutes of proceedings of Executive Committee were read over and approved by the Board.
Complaint of W. H. Haile
Resolved - That the Board while it regrets its inability to entertain the complaint, deems it unwise to recede from its former action.

The Board then went into the consideration of the Applications for Beneficiary Appointments and the following were considered favorably.
Aiken
Robert [Illegible] Carter Julian B. Salley
Ernest N. Corley Benj. M. Walpole
Jas. S. Jones James L. Wicks
Alva K. Lorenz John W. Wright
Anderson
M. L. Bonham Josiah P. Giles
David O. Brown Remus H. Henderson
E.O. Burress Charles Poore
Oliver R. Casey Thomas H. Russell
William F. Farmer Baxter N. Sadler
Berkley
Wm J. Dennis Julius N. DuBose
Clarendon
D. A. Bradham T. M. Mouzon
Saml O. Cantey Jas. McF. Plowden
S. J. Holladay Lionel C. Shikes
C. P. Lesesne Hugh Witherspoon
Greenville
Jas. S. Adams Robt. H. Lupo
Byrd O. Cox C. E. Mauldin
Wm B. Howerton Joe. D. McGee
J. E. Leach Elbert Price

[Page 18]
Horry
F. M. Ellerbe J. A. Neely
Albert H. Long Fred Slatvey
Orangeburg
Jas. R. Crouch A. J. Hydrick Jr.
John S. Funclus E. M. Robinson
A.S. Heyward M. E. Zeigler
Pickens
Andrew Bramlett C. W. Martin
Geo. B. Rooke
Richland
W. H. Cobb W. H. Sligh Jr.
E. B. Hannahan F. E. Schroder
J. H. Kinsler Willis K. Weston
Carlton W. Sawyer
Spartanburg
R. W. Collins Wm A. Woodruff
Williamsburg
A.G. Eaddy Saml C. Morris
E. P. Ervin John F. Scott
N. E. Montgomery
York
B. M. Dobson P. H. Moore
O. F. Hart J. M. McConnell

The following Applications were considered, and action taken thereon, as indicated below.
Aiken
Case of Paul H. Dunbar -
Resolved - That the application be rejected, on the ground, that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown, is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.

[Page 19]
Case of H. Hastings Wyman Jr.
Resolved - That the Application be objected, on the ground, that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown, is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment -
Anderson
Case of J. L. Sherard -
Resolved - That the Application be rejected on the ground that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.
Clarendon
Case of Wm A. Burgess -
Resolved - That the Application be rejected on the ground, that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown, is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.
Greenville
Case of F. Todd Cox
Resolved - That the Application be rejected on the ground, that there are two Applicants for a Beneficiary appointment from the same family; - a permit having been granted to applicant’s brother.

Case of Hayne Perry Glover
Resolved - That Application be rejected, on the ground, that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown, is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.

[Page 20]
Orangeburg
Case of Raphael Sink
Resolved - That Application be rejected on the ground, that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.

Case of Arthur F. Riggs
Resolved - That Application be rejected on the ground, that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown, is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.
Richland
Case of A. J. Garrick
Resolved - That Application be rejected, on the ground that in the opinion of the Board, the amount of property shown is too great to warrant the granting of a Beneficiary appointment.
York
Case of John W. McConnell
Resolved - That Application be rejected, on the ground that there are two brothers applying from the same family

Case of James K. Rooch
Resolved - That the Application be rejected on the ground of its’ having been improperly filled out.

[Page 21]
Board adjourned
Butler Hagood
Acting Secretary

[Page 22]
Charleston S.C. Nov 6/95

Board met at Charleston Hotel at 8 P.M.
The Chairman absent from sickness,
Present
Maj. C. S. Gadsden - Ch. Pro. Tem.
Col. J. P. Thomas
Maj. M. B. McSweeney
Gen. Watts
Gen. Anderson
Hon. W. D. Mayfield

Case of Sligh vs Sawyer
This was a contest for the Beneficiary appointment from Richland County, upon the ground that Cadet Sawyer now at the Citadel, was not a resident of Richland Co.
Upon reading the evidence submitted, by both parties
Resolved - That in the opinion of the Board, Mr Sligh, having failed to make out his case, the appointment of Cadet Sawyer is hereby confirmed.

The Superintendent submitted his Annual Report, - as follows
To the Chairman Board of Visitors of South Carolina Military Academy.
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following annual report of the affairs of the Academy.

[Written on side of page.]
Enrollment

[Main page.]
In my last annual report it was shown that there were upon the roll 68 Beneficiary, and 77 Pay Cadets, making a total of 145 Cadets.
In January 1 pay cadet was added:

[Page 23]
thus making the total enrollment for the Academic year 1894-1895 - 146 -
The casualties up to Commencement Day, were as follows -
By Honorable discharge 4 Pay
By Resignation 5 Pay
By Retirement 5 Pay
By Dismissal 2 Pay
By Desertion 1 Pay
By Dropped for non payment of dues 2 Pay
On the roll at Commencement 127
146
Of these 127, the 21 members of the first class were graduated, and two beneficiaries were dismissed for deficiency in studies, and one pay cadet was dismissed for deficiency in Conduct.
There were left upon the roll 103 Cadets. Since Commencement Day, four Pay Cadets have been honorably discharged; and six Pay Cadets, namely D. P. Smith, B. M. Anderson, W. H. Pearce, J. S. White, C. E. G. Fell, and J. R. Rawlinson, found deficient at the annual examination and turned back to join a lower class, having failed to return to the institution, should be rated on the Academic Register, as dismissed.
At the beginning of the current academic session, there were 55 Beneficiaries and 35 Pay Cadets, - 90 -
Admitted on your warrants since Oct. 3 13 Beneficiaries and 20 Pay Cadets - 33 - thus making the enrollment to date 123 -
These are classified as follows
In the First Class - 18
In the Second Class - 21

[Page 24]
In the Third Class - 47
In the Fourth Class - 37
Total 123
The further details of the past academic year are fully set forth in the Official Register published July 1895, which is herewith respectfully submitted.

[Written on the side of the page.]
Health

[Main page.]
The record of the Hospital shows that the health of the Corps was rather below the average, especially during the spring months. While we were fortunate in having only two cases of serious illness, both of which made good recovery, there were, during the greater part of every week a large number of Cadets either in the Hospital, or, excused duty. The report of the Surgeon herewith submitted, gives a tabulated statement of cases, and his views thereon.

[Written on the side of the page.]
Condition of Property

[Main page.]
In consequence of the thorough saturation of the walls, and the first story of the main building with water at the time of the fire in 1892, much of the repair work done in rebuilding had become unsightly through the falling of plaster work, the rotting of stucco work, and the sealing off of the paint.
As a matter of hygiene no less than of neatness, I instructed the Quarter Master to white wash the ceiling and walls, and paint furniture and wood-work of the Cadet rooms and the hospital, to color wash the entire building, to scrape and repaint the

[Page 25]
rotunda and to renew the entire stock of mattresses. All this has been thoroughly, but economically done, and at the beginning of the current academic year the main building was in neater and more health-ful condition that it has ever been. The hospital too, has been greatly improved in appearance and comfort. The cost of this very necessary work, more of which ought really to be done, is a very severe strain upon our financial resources - This fact emphasizes the necessity, urged in my last report, of a special allowance to be made annually by the General Assembly, to keep the property in sound serviceable, decent condition. Provision for annual current repairs is an element in the appropriations for the support of the other State institutions, and there is no apparent good reason why this institution should be the sole exception. An allowance of $750 a year, conditioned that any portion thereof not expended for repairs be used to keep up the Library, would, I think, be sufficient for the purpose.

[Written on side of the page.]
Academic Work

[Main page.]
The official Register gives the results of the work of the year 1894-1895, and the reports of Professors and Assistant Professors herewith submitted show the character of the work in the several departments.
In my own department, Moral and Political Science, the class accomplished in a satisfactory manner the work laid out.

[Page 26]
Fisher’s Manual of Natural Theology, and his Manual of Christian Evidence, were the text-books used in Moral Science; and Story on the Constitution and Wilson’s American Constitutions (State and Federal) were used in political science.
Throughout the year frequent elucidatory and supplemental lectures were given.
As a general remark, I regret to state that the standard of study last year, on the part of the Cadets was not satisfactory. There seemed to be a lack of student spirit, too much of a mere schoolboy method of dealing with studies, and that too on the part of a large enough number to encourage each other. Whether this condition is due to the immaturity of the Cadets admitted, or to the presence of an unusually large number who had not acquired studious habits at the lower schools, it is not possible for me to state. I can only mention the fact that the lack of scholarly pride, as observed by all the professors, was below the usual standard - It gives me pleasure to announce that by your action and through the active exertions of the Professor of Chemistry, his Laboratory is now fitted up for practical students work. This accomplished fact promises to place the chemical department on an equal footing with the same department of other progressive institutions for

[Page 27]
higher education. I would respectfully ask your favorable consideration of the request of Lieut. Bond in charge of the department of Drawing and Book-keeping. The uncouth and unsuitable trestles and boards now in use should be replaced with adjustable tables, made for the purpose, and on which neat drawing can be conveniently done.
This equipment, and some allowance for the Physics department asked for by Lieut. Coleman, should be provided for by the State just as similar equipments have been made for the South Carolina College, Clemson, and Winthrop College. They are permanent improvements and the property of the State.

[Written on side of page.]
Military Session

[Main page.]
The report of the Commandant of Cadets relative to the operations of the Corps during the Military Encampment is submitted with my hearty endorsement of his commundation of the soldierly bearing of the cadets. I think the encampment as a whole was the most successful that we have had.
The Literary Societies were well kept up during the year. The closing exercises were regarded as unusually creditable.
The Cadet branch of the Y.M.C.A. numbered 65 members, - 40 active and 25 associate. They met regularly Sunday evenings and Wednesday evenings. A Bible class met regularly every Sunday morning under the voluntary guidance and instruc-

[Page 28]
tion of Mr Frank Whilden.
I have to report that the sufficiency of the Quarter Master’s bond is unimpaired.
Very respectfully
Asbury Coward
Superintendent
Doc - A - Financial Report of Superintendent
B - 1. - Report of Lieut. Jenkins U.S.A.
B - 2 - Report of Maj. Cummings
B - 3 - Report of Maj. Reese
B - 4 - Report of Maj. Thomas
B - 5 - Report of Maj. Mazyck
B - 6 - Report of Lieut. Bond
B - 7 - Report of Lieut. Coleman
B - 8 - Report of Dr. F. L. Parker - Surgeon

Report of Lieutenant Jenkins
Department of Military Science and Tactics
South Carolina Military Academy
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
June 30th 1895

The Superintendent South Carolina Military Academy
Sir:
I have the honor to make the following report of my department for the year 1894-95.
In theoretical instruction the First Class completed the course in Military Law, The Service of Security and Information and Manual of Military Engineering. The results were entirely satisfactory.
The Second Class completed the course in Infantry Drill Regulations and Manual of Guard Duty.

[Page 29]
The results were entirely satisfactory. I consider the theoretical course now complete, all text-books being the standards of the War Department for the examinations for promotion of officers of the Army.
In practical instruction, the feature of devoting one day in each month to military exercises exclusively was continued with beneficial results. Problems in minor tactics, relating to Advanced Guards, Rear Guards, Outposts, posting and relieving pickets patrols, applications of extended order drill, attack and defense of positions, have been solved. Cadets are thus enabled to study the relation of the disposition of troops with reference to the terrain. Much interest was taken in this work, and aptitude and skill were shown in a marked degree.
Instruction in Military Signalling was given to the Second Class, and a high state of proficiency was attained in the use of the flag and heliograph.
The Battalion of Cadets was transported by rail to Columbia for the Encampment of the Military Session. In Columbia the usual camp duties, guard and police were performed, with daily drills and parades. The Battalion was reviewed and inspected by His Excellency the Governor of South Carolina.
The Battalion was marched

[Page 30]
with field equipment to Camden by road 36 miles. The marches were 10, 12 and 14 miles respectively. Rate of marching 3 miles per hour. The entire distance was over the heaviest sand hills, and was the worst road for marching troops I have ever seen. The heat was extreme and many streams had to be forded. The cheerful obedience to all calls of duty under trying conditions showed a state of discipline and pluck and endurance I am most happy to commend.
At Camden the usual duties were performed, and there were held the Company Competitive Drill, Company “A” winning first place; the Individual Drill for the “Star of the West” medal Cadet Corporal J. D. Dial being the successful competitor.
The Military Department was inspected May 31st by Major E. A. Garlington, Inspector General U.S. Army, and a copy of his report is herewith submitted. The three Cadets most distinguished and reported to the Adjutant General, U.S. Army, are = Cadet Captain J. B. Allison, Cadet Lieut. and Adjutant C. Mathison, and Cadet Captain I. W. Reaves.
Very respectfully
Your obedient servant
John M. Jenkins
1st Lieut 9th U.S. Cavalry
Prof. Military Science and Tactics

[Page 31]
Report of Inspection
Charleston, S.C. May 31st 1895
To the
Inspector General, U.S.A.
Washington, D.C.
Sir:
I have the honor to submit the following report of an inspection of the military department of the South Carolina Military Academy made this day under instructions of the Secretary of War.
Lieut. J. M. Jenkins, 9th Cavalry, is the military professor at this institution. He is reported by the authorities as eminently fit for his present duties, and from my observation I am able to heartily endorse this report. Lieut. Jenkins struck me as a natural soldier with all his esprit, energy and magnetism.
The Superintendent of the institution is also a gallant soldier, and the corps of cadets bears the impress of this soldierly influence to the highest degree, and to its great advantage.
The corps is organised into a battalion of three companies.
The appearance and bearing of the cadets at inspection and review were most excellent.
Present in ranks 116
Absent:
In suspension 1
Sick 4
With leave 1
Sick leave 3
Guard 2
Hospital Orderly 1

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Total 128
The arms are in good condition. The salt air has caused a black rust in chambers and barrels, but does not effect the serviceability.
The equipments are in good condition. All were in uniform.
The steadiness and behavior of the cadets during inspection were excellent. Both in extended and close order movements of the drill regulations the cadets showed a perfect knowledge of their respective duties.
I have never seen the various movements of a review executed with greater precision or accuracy both in quick and double time; and the same remark applies to the drill in the close order movements which followed the review.
The formation for attack, extension into line of squads and skirmishers, and the firings, were handsomely and accurately executed. The bayonet exercise was the best I have seen; and the drill in the setting-up exercises was all that could be desired.
The drill in signalling, both with the flag and heliograph, was most excellent; test messages were sent and received, without error, with promptness and dispatch, as quickly as I have ever seen them sent.
The cadets have received practical instruction in minor tactics, marching and camping (go into camp every year) and guard duty. The same system of guard duty as at last

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inspection.
In the solution of problems in minor tactics they have to go out of the city.
In the section room the same condition of thorough efficiency was found. The cadets examined showed proficiency in law, field engineering, minor tactics - such as advance, rear guards, outposts, etc. Lieut. Jenkin’s uses the recitation system, and he has obtained most excellent results. It is my opinion that a young man who wins a diploma at this institution under the present system, is well qualified to command infantry troops.
To Lieutenant Jenkins, and to the school authorities, is due the most distinguished commendation for the high state of military efficiency now existing in the battalion of cadets.
The benefits produced warrant the continuation of the military department. V
ery respectfully
(signed) E. A. Garlington
Major, Inspector General

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Report Major Cummings
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
27 June 1895
To
Col. Asbury Coward
Supt. S.C.M.A.
Sir:
I have the honor to submit the following report of the work done by the classes in my charge for the academic year just completed.
The Second Class during the first half year studied the History of English and American Literature, using as a text-book “Shaw’s Manual” on the subject and reciting for one hour daily. Through the second half year this class studied “Mental Philosophy,” and in addition two of Shakespeare’s plays, reciting daily. In the department of English studies, the Second Class came to the class room in one body.
The third class during the first half year studied General History, reciting daily, and using Myers’ General History as a text-book. Through the second half year this class studied Logic and Rhetoric, reciting three days in the week in Logic, and two days in the week in Rhetoric. The text-book in Logic was Jevons’ work, in Rhetoric, that of Prof. A. I. Hill.
The fourth class in the first half year studied English History reciting daily, in two sections. Through the second half year they studied English Grammar and Weber’s History of

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South Carolina
Resp’y submitted
St James Cummings
Major and Prof. English

Report of Major Reese
Camp Kershaw Camden S.C.
June 28th 1895
Col. Asbury Coward
Superintendent
Sir:
In compliance with your request I herewith submit the following report for the Board of Visitors.
I have taught the first and second classes as heretofore and in addition during the last year have taught the fourth class in Physiology and physical Geography.
The work done by the first class was practically the same as that of the previous year. The Astronomy was taught by Lieutenant Bond whose report I herewith submit.
The third class was instructed in Physics by Lieut. Coleman whose report I also herewith submit.
I have succeeded in raising with the help of the cadets and graduates $430.07 dollars in cash for the equipment of a laboratory in which the cadets will be enabled to study chemistry by the aid of actual work and I have already caused wood work and plumbing to be done, so that the desks are now ready for the cadets to begin their work on the 1st of October
Very respectfully

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Charles L. Reese
Professor Chemistry and Physics

Report of Lt. O. J. Bond
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
June 26th 1895
To Maj. C. L. Reese
Prof. Chemistry and Physics
Sir:
I have the honor to transmit through you the following report of the work done by the First Class in Astronomy. This class recited to me every other day, and completed Young’s Elements of Astronomy.
Very respectfully
O. J. Bond
Asst Prof. Math.

Report of Lieutenant J. T. Coleman
Camp Kershaw - Camden S.C.
June 27 1895
To Major C. L. Reese
Prof. Chemistry and Physics
Sir:
I have the honor to report that the work in Physics by the Third Class for the past year has been up to the average, and that several cadets have done very well.
I desire to ask that my class room be provided with means for darkening it for work in Light and Electricity.
I need new cases for the supply of apparatus now on hand, as those we have do not protect from dust. As soon as practicable I ask that several necessary pieces of appa-

[Page 37]
ratus for our lecture course be provided.
Very respectfully
J. T. Coleman
Lt. and Asst. Prof. Physics

Report of Major R. G. Thomas
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
June 27 1895
Col. Asbury Coward
Superintendent
Sir: I have the honor to make the following report for the Department of Mathematics and Engineering.
The First Class was instructed during the first term in Analytic Mechanics. The course in Civil Engineering during the second term was in applied Mechanics. It embraced the elements of Hydrostatics and Hydraulics, and the strength of Materials with the determination of the stresses and loads on various structures. The methods of calculating the stresses in the simple forms of bridge trusses was given by lecture and recitations made upon the lectures. The Second Class studied Analytic Geometry during the first term and Calculus during the second term. The Third Class in two sections was engaged during the first term upon Geometry. The second term was devoted to Trigonometry, and Surveying. The class was instructed in the use of surveying instruments and a survey of Marion Square was made each member of the class calculating the area from the field notes.

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The Fourth Class during both terms studied Algebra under Lieut. Bond and Lieut. Coleman. The report of these Officers is herewith forwarded.
Very respectfully
Your obedient servant,
Robt. G. Thomas
Prof. Mathematics and
Engineering

Report of Lt. O. J. Bond
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
June 26th 1895
To Major R. G. Thomas
Prof. Mathematics and Engineering
Sir:
I have the honor to transmit through you the following report of the work done by the Fourth Class in mathematics for the past year. This class of sixty-six members was divided into two divisions of two sections each, and recited in Algebra daily, - one week to Lt. Coleman, and the next week to me. The advanced division, according to a plan which we have long desired to introduce, advanced much further in the study of Algebra than any preceeding [sic] class has done, - taking up the theory of equations, besides other important subjects in higher algebra. The other division accomplished only the usual course.
Very respectfully
O. J. Bond
Asst. Prof. Math.

[Page 39]
Report of Major P. P. Mazyck
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
June 25th 1895
To Col. Asbury Coward
Superintendent
Sir:
I beg leave to submit the following report as to the progress, studies &c in the Department under my charge for the past term.
The 1st Class 21 members (undivided) pursued the readings in German having 10 hours per month. Their final Examination was satisfactory.
The 2nd Class 20 members (undivided) began translation of German in Feb. and with but few exceptions has made very good progress. The same member of recitations monthly as in the 1st class.
The 3rd Class - members (two sections) pursued the translation of French and generally made good progress, especially in acquiring the verb forms. This class begins the study of German with the next session. Same number of recitations jointly.
The 4th Class members began the translation of French in Feby, the final examination showed very satisfactory results. This class was divided into 4 sections and had 10 recitations monthly.
I consider this a class of great promise.
Respy. Submitted
P. P. Mazyck
Maj. and Prof. Mod. Lang.

[Page 40]
Report Lt. O. J. Bond
Asst Prof Math, in charge of Drawing and Book-keeping
Camp Kershaw, Camden S.C.
June 26th 1895
Col. Asbury Coward
Superintendent
Sir:
I have the honor to submit herewith my annual report of the work done in the department of drawing and book-keeping.
The First Class has accomplished creditably the usual course in double entry book keeping.
The Second Class has spent the year in problems in Shadows, Isometric, and Perspective drawings.
The Third Class began the subject of drawing in last October, and has completed the usual course in Descriptive Geometry, besides making plats, profiles, and topographic drawings in connection with surveying.
Very respectfully
O. J. Bond
Asst. Prof. Math, &.c.

Supplemental Report
Citadel, Charleston S.C.
Nov 6th 1895
Col. Asbury Coward
Supt.
Sir:
As a supplemental to the report which I submitted at the close of our last session, I will say that the drawing classes of this session are now well

[Page 41]
under way in their work. We have never had satisfactory drawing desks, and I beg to submit through you the enclosed application to the Board of Visitors for an appropriation for the purpose of supplying the department with serviceable desks.
Respectfully
O. J. Bond
Lt. and Asst. Prof.
(Enclosure)
Charleston S.C. Nov 5th 1895
To the Board of Visitors S.C.M.A.
Gentlemen
The department of drawing is in need of a new outfit of drawing desks and boards. In the matter of desks, it has never been fitted up, but we have used makeshifts of an unsatisfactory kind. Concerning boards, the present supply has been in use since I took charge nine years ago, and is now almost unserviceable. In former reports I have called the attention of the Board to these facts, and respectfully do so again at this time, believing the need to be pressing. I have obtained very reasonable prices on drawing desks and boards. A model now set up in the drawing department, - which I beg the Board to examine - can be obtained for $8.00 each. The department needs 25 of these. Respectfully urging the favorable consideration of the Board,
I am
Respectfully
O. J. Bond

[Page 42]
Asst. Prof. in charge of department of Drawing and Book Keeping

Report of Dr. Parker
At the Citadel
Charleston S.C. June 15th 1895
Col. Coward Supt.
Sir:
I have the honor to submit the annual Report of the Health of the S.C.M.A. for the term beginning 1st October 1894 to June 15 1895
1 - The total no. of names on the sick report for the session, as above is --- 445
2 - The cases for each month are as follows:
October 1894 Cases ------ 51
Of these the principal diseases were Fevers - malarial and catarrhs - malarial ------------ 31
Sore eyes ------------ 5
Miscellaneous cases, Diarrhea, Boils, Bronchitis, Sore feet, Neuralgia, Colds, Bruises, Sprains &.c. ---------- 15 51
3 - November 1894 - Cases ------- 30
Principal diseases were Fevers, Malarial and Catarrhs malarial 8
Diarrhea --------- 5
Sore Eyes ---------- 3
Miscellaneous Cases, Asthma, Rheumatism etc ------ 14 30
4 - December - 1894 Cases ----- 33
Principal diseases Malarial and Catarrhs Malarial fevers - 11
Diarrhea ---------- 4
Boils ---------- 6
Miscellaneous Cases as above 12 33

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5 - January 1895 - Cases ----- 73
Principal diseases - Boils ----- 12
Sore throat 6, Sore feet 9 ---- 15
Sore eyes 4, Orchitis 1 ---- 5
Miscellaneous etc ----- 41 73
6 - February 1895 - Cases ---- 56
Principal diseases, Grippe --- 7
Malarial & Catarrhs
Malarial fevers ----- 8
Sore feet 9, Rheumatism 2 --- 11
Sore eyes 2, Boils 9, ---- 11
Miscellaneous ----- 19 56
7 - March 1895 - Cases ----- 66
Principal diseases, Malarial & Catarrhs Malarial Fevers - 14
Sore feet 9 Boils 5 Catarrhs 4 - 18
Sore throat 4 Rheumatism 2 - 6
Bronchitis 2 Miscellaneous 26 - 28 66
8 - April 1895 - Cases 66
Principal diseases, Grippe -- 21
Malarial & Catarrhs Malarial Fevers, 8, Sore feet 8, Sore throat 8 - 24
Sore eyes 7, Boils 5, Miss. 9 - 21 66
9 - May 1895 - Cases ----- 120
Principal diseases, Grippe -- 30
Malarial & Catarrhs Malarial fevers 24, Sore eyes 18, Boils 10 - 52
Diarrhea 15, Rheumatism 1 - 16
Varriocelle [sic] 2, Miscellaneous 20 - 22 120
10 - June 1895 - Cases ------ 16
Principal diseases, Malarial & Catarrhs Malarial fevers -- 6
Sore feet 4, Boils 2, Mumps 1 -- 7
Convulsions 1, Miscellaneous 2 - 3 16
Furloughs granted during the session -- 20
Diseases: Asthma 2, Bronchitis 1, Abscesses (Ear and groin) 2, In growing nail 1, Malarial fever threatening Typhoid 4

[Page 44]
Debility from Grippe 8, Convulsions 1 Bronchitis 1, Four additional Furloughs were granted on June 14 the cadets not being able to do duty on the encampment Hydrocole 1, Debility from fever 2, Sore feet 1,
I beg to call your attention to some points in the above report.
I have made a tabulated statement of the prevailing diseases by the month, in order to show the amount of work done in the medical Department. I had the medicines compounded in the institution by my assistant, as far as was practical, so as to lessen the expense at the Apothecary’s, and hope to reduce the expenses in this line, to a greater extent the next session.
The number of cases of Malarial & Catarrhs malarial fevers occurred principally among the recruits, who came to the Academy impregnated with latent Malaria: this was brought out by the variable winter and inattention on the part of the cadets to Hygiene rules. Many of these cases occurred and reoccurred in the same cadets, this swelling the aggregate of cases.
The same happened with other diseases occurring and reoccurring in the same Cadets; so the sickness this time was mostly among the recruits who were being climatised.

[Page 45]
This accounts for the number of Furloughs granted this session and the large number of cases reported.
A larger cases of eye cases occurred this session than usual, some of these and some ear cases were treated at my private office.
The eye cases are due principally to the kind of lamps furnished by the Institution and the carelessness of Cadets in not reporting to the Surgeon when first affected. These lamps ought to be abandoned and the students lamps substituted instead.
Two very serious cases were treated in the Hospital, one of Typhoid fever of prolonged duration: and one of Convulsions, both recovered.
One case of Mumps appeared spontaneously near the end of the term, but fortunately the disease did not spread among the Corps. This case was promptly isolated. In these three last cases the private room attached to the Hospital was a necessity, and proves the wisdom of having it ready for such emergencies.
I wish to commend the uniform good conduct and attention to duty of the two attachés of the Hospital Mr Brailsford (ex cadet) undergraduate, Hospital Steward, and Cadet Rawlins, Hospital Orderly, have both discharged their duties with fidelity and efficiency & have rendered me good service.

[Page 46]
Respectfully Submitted
Francis L. Parker M.D.
Surgeon S.C.M.A.

The following resolution was adopted -
Resolved - That recommendation of Superintendent in regard to use of word “dismissed” be approved -

Resolved - That Supt. be directed to prepare a statement showing how the appropriation of $300.00 per annum per cadet is applied.

Resolved - That the Supt. be directed to enquire whether it is necessary to the have the Bond of the Qr. Master renewed every year -

Moved - That Gen. Report of Supt. be received as information, & the recommendations made therein be approved - Adopted.

Moved - That financial Report of Supt. be referred to Ex. Committee, to be reported on at meeting tomorrow, Adopted.

Moved - That there be a Finance Committee, consisting of (3) three members of the Board, to be appointed by the Chairman with powers to employ an expert.

Recommendations in Reports of Commandant, Maj. Cummings, Maj. Thomas, Lt. Bond, Maj Reese, Maj.

[Page 47]
Mazyck, & Lt. Coleman be approved.

Board adjourned at 10.30 P.M. to meet at Citadel at 10.30 A.M. on 7th -

Charleston S.C. Nov. 7th 1895

Board met at Citadel at 10.30 A.M.
Present same members as at previous meeting.
Committee appointed to examine Supt’s. financial account made their Report which was adopted.
Communication received from Mr Sligh in regard to contested case of Sligh vs Sawyer - & the following action taken -
Resolved - That in the opinion of the Board, the evidence [illegible] in this last communication of Mr Sligh, does not warrant a reopening of the case.

Communication from Lt. Jenkins.

Charleston S.C. Nov 6 1895
The Chairman Board of Visitors
(Thro’ Superintendent S.C.M.A.)
Sir:
I have the honor to request that authority be given the Quarter Master to remove the bath room in my quarter’s, to the second floor. While it will be a great convenience, it is not on that ground that this request is made. It is on the ground of health and decency. As at present constructed, it is necessary that

[Page 48]
all waste water and matter from the bedrooms be carried through my Kitchen, which fact renders the change desired a positive necessity on the score of both health and decency. The cost of the change is not very great; only necessitating building a partition of about 18 feet and removing the fixtures. The only new fixtures required will be one length of waste pipe - the supply pipes now running where new bathroom is to be located. It will not affect the serviceability of the bedroom for that room is now excessively large. The change will moreover give the quarters a pantry which they have not at present.
Very respectfully
John M. Jenkins
1st Lieut. 9th U.S. Cavalry
Prof. Mil. Science & Tactics -

Suggestion Lt. Jenkins, in regard to removal of Bath-room
Resolved - That Supt. be authorized to make the change -

Communication Lt. Bond Secy, Ass. Graduates - relating to Graduates and their occupation, read for information & correction by Board of Visitors.

Office of Post Adjutant.
In the matter of the suggestion of the Supt., that the Board of Visitors’ establish the office of Post Adjutant with such compensation

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and such duties as may be deemed proper -
Resolved - That the Supt. be authorized to present the subject in a formal communication for the action of the Board at the earliest practicable period.
Repairs to Marion Square
Resolved - That the Secy. be instructed to furnish Gen. Anderson, with a certified copy of the following communication, to the incoming City Council, to be by him transmitted at the proper time.
To the Mayor and City Council of the City of Charleston
Gentlemen
The Board of Visitors of the State Mily. Academy, respectfully calls the attention of the Council to the Condition of Marion Square.
This parade ground is a necessary adjunct to the State Mily. Academy as a parade ground for the Cadets.
Formerly when this square was laid in grass the various movements were performed not perhaps under the best conditions but certainly without fear of inquiry to the members of the Corps of Cadets.
The present rude covering is so disintegrated that positive harm may ensue to the Cadets’ while exercising over same. The Board of Visitors’ earnestly commend the subject of the improvement of this square to the City-Fathers’ at the advent of a new adminis-

[Page 50]
tration.
“Visit of the Corps to Atlanta”
The following resolution was adopted
Resolved - That the matter of visiting Atlanta with the Corps be left to a Committee composed of
His Excellency - The Governor
The Chairman Board of Visitors
The Superintendent of the Academy.

The Chairman’s bill for Postage, Express & Telegrams -
In having been brought to the attention of the Board, that at its last Annual Meeting, no provision was made for payment of bills for Express, Postage, & Telegrams, necessarily incurred by the Chairman, and it further appearing, that the sum of $18.00 has been so expended by him -
Ordered - That the Quarter Master reimburse the Chairman the amount so expended.

Board adjourned
Butler Hagood
Acting Secy.

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Executive Committee

The Executive Committee pursuant to call convened at the Charleston Hotel 11 A.M. Tuesday 10 Dec. 1895
Present -
Chairman
Maj. Gadsden
Col. Thomas
Attention was called to the action of the recent Constitutional Convention
1 Upon the tenure of office in the State
2 Upon the conferring of scholarships in the Institutions of Higher learning.

Resolved - That the Chairman seek to have such action taken by the approaching session of the General Assembly as will clearly settle whether or not the Board of Visitors shall continue to hold office during good behavior; and also whether the Board of Visitors or the newly established Board of Education shall hereafter confer the Beneficiary appointments to the Citadel.
J.P. Thomas
Secty.