Minutes of the Board of Visitors of The Citadel, 1900

Minutes of the Board of Visitors of The Citadel, 1900

Official minutes of the governing body of The Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina.

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Charleston (S. C.)

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Columbia S.C.
February 20th 1900

Pursuant to a call of the Chairman the Board met at Hotel Jerome, Columbia S.C. on 20th Feby 1900 at 12 oclock noon.
Present Col. C. S. Gadsden, Gen Ellison Capers, Maj J. J. Lucas, Capt. W. W. Lewis & Maj. E. M. Blythe of the Regular Board and Gov. M. B. McSweeney, Gen J. W. Floyd, Hon J. J. McMahon, ex officio members – 8 Absent Messrs Aldrich & Blease ex officio members – 2.
Gov. McSweeney was called temporarily to the chair. Col Gadsden stated that the meeting had been called for the purpose of organization and for the transaction of other business.
Col. C. S. Gadsden was unanimously elected Chairman of the Board and Maj. E. M. Blythe Secretary.
Maj Lucas and Capt Lewis were elected as members of the Executive Committee with Maj Gadsden as ex officio Chairman.
The terms of office of the members of the Board was ascertained by lot in accordance with the provisions of the Act of Gen Assembly approved 2nd day of March 1899, as follows: 6 years Majs. Lucas & Blythe; 4 years Col Gadsden & Capt Lewis; 2 years, Gen. Capers.

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Case of Cadet M. L. Kinard Jr who was suspended by the Superintendent for absence from Academy and City without leave on 19th January 1900, was next considered. An application for re-instatement from the Cadet was read. Mr. W. A. Clark of the City of Columbia was heard in behalf of Cadet Kinard. After hearing a personal statement by the Cadet and a thorough discussion by the members of the Board the following resolution offered by Genl. Capers was adopted:
Resolved, That the Board being satisfied that Cadet Kinard, who left the Citadel in January last, within two weeks after his matriculation, and having been suspended from the Academy for absence without leave, and on the day after his absence having expressed his regret and having in writing and in person, declared his purpose to do his duty in the future faithfully, the Board hereby restores Cadet Kinard to his place in the Corps of Cadets and directs that he be restricted to garrison limits for one month with ten demerits.
Capt Lewis moved to reconsider but the motion was lost.
On motion of General Capers the Annual Encampment for the ensuing year was dispensed with,
Maj. Lucas offered an Amendment

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to Article 98 of the Regulations of the Academy and Maj Lucas, Gen Floyd & Capt Lewis were appointed as a Committee to investigate & report upon said proposed amendment
Mr. McMahon offered the following Resolution which was unanimously adopted: -
Resolved, That this Board put on record its appreciation of the faithful and efficient services rendered to the Academy by Col. John P. Thomas and Gen. Edward Anderson while members of the Board, and extend to them this expression of the high esteem in which they are held by the friends of the Academy.
Resolved further That the Secretary be instructed to send copies of this Resolution to Col. Thomas and to General Anderson.
The following Resolution offered by Mr McMahon seconded by Gov McSweeney was after an amendment herein after inserted adopted: -
Resolved, That the Chairman, the Adjutant General and Messrs Blythe & Lewis are hereby appointed a Committee of to enquire into the condition and needs of the Academy and report to the Board at its next regular meeting; and that the Committee shall have power to meet at any time prior to the meeting of the Board, their expenses to be paid by the Academy.
Capt Lewis moved to amend the above resolution by making the Com-

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mittee consist of five members and that the Hon. J. J. McMahon be appointed a member thereof. Carried.
Board adjourned at 3.30. P.M.
Edgeworth M. Blythe
Secretary

[See original document for news clipping.]

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Citadel Academy
Charleston S.C.
June 25th 1900

Meeting called to order by the Chairman at 9.30 A.M.
Present – Col. Gadsden – Maj Lucas – Mr. Lewis – Mr Blythe of the Regular Board and Genl Floyd, Col Aldrich, Mr McMahon and Mr Blease ex officio
Absent Gov McSweeney and Bishop Capers
Minutes of last meeting were read and approved.
The Report of the Superintendent embracing Recommendations from the Faculty was then read and action taken thereon by the Board as shown at the end of the various paragraphs.
Col C. S. Gadsden
Ch’rm’n B’d of Visitors
Dear Sir: - In my official Report dated December 12th 1899, the enrollment of Cadets was shown to be 123, including Cadet Barnes, absent on account of gun-shot wound received at home during vacation. As it was deemed inadvisable for this Cadet to return during the current Academic year, his name was dropped from the roll, thus making the proper enrollment at that date 122. Four recruits were received in January and one the first of April; consequently the total enrollment for the year is 127.
Casualties to this date
By Hon Dischg 4
By Retirement 8
By Suspen. For Def in Conduct 1

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By Desertion 1
Total 14
On the roll at present 113
Absent on sick leave 6
Absent on sick leave 1 7
Present 106
Of the six reported as “absent sick” I am glad to say that all are convalescent; in fact all, except one, may be considered well, but as they were unable to stand the final examination they were excused attendance at Commencement. Cadet Davis is absent on extended leave on account of the extreme illness of his mother and sister.
Proceedings of Academic Board.
The Academic Board submit the following recommendations upon the record of the years work (taken from Minutes of Academic Board):
(1) "That all members of the First Class having attained the required average in studies, be recommended to the Board of Visitors to receive the diploma of the Academy; and that Cadets Brodham, Linley, Moore, Law, and Smoak, having attained an average of over 85% be recommended to receive the Degree of Bachelor of Science."
Concurred in.
(2) "That we recommend the Board of Visitors to grant the Degree of Bachelor of Science upon the graduates of the preceding classes of this Academy since the reopening of the institution who attained an average of 85% or more of the maximum marks of the prescribed

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course."
Under construction of the Acts of the Legislature, under authority of which this is conferred by the Board, some doubt having arisen as to the power of the Board to confer the degree upon "graduates" as well as "cadets" (the word used in the act) Maj. Lucas moved to postpone the consideration of this Recommendation and that the Legislature be asked to amend said act by changing the word "cadet" used therein to the word graduate - Carried
(3) "That Cadets Nix and Pate of the Second Class be not advanced with their class, having been found deficient in mathematics, but that if they stand a satisfactory examination in the Calculus in October, they be advanced to the First Class."
Concurred in.
(4) "That Cadets O'Driscoll and Parker of the Second Class, absent from the final examination be not graded, but be required in October to stand the examinations upon the work passed over by their class during their absence in order to be advanced."
Concurred in.
(5). "That all other members of this (2nd) Class be advanced."
Concurred in.
(6) "That Cadets Davis, Raines, Peeler and Tucker of the Third Class, and Cadet McIver W of the Fourth Class, absent from the final examination, be not graded but be required in October to stand the examinations upon the work passed over

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by their classes during their absence, in order to be advanced."
Concurred in.
(7) "That all the other members of the Third Class be advanced."
(8) "That Cadets Wescoat and Hutson of the Fourth Class, deficient in Mathematics, be not advanced with their class, but that if they stand a satisfactory examination in that subject in October next they be advanced to the Third Class."
Concurred in
(9). "That Cadets Heath, Klauber R and Weatherly of the Fourth Class, deficient in studies be not advanced."
Concurred in.
(10) "That Cadets Brinson, Kinard and Lesser of the Fourth Class, deficient in studies, be dismissed."
Concurred in.
(11) "That all other members of this (4th) Class be advanced."
Concurred in.
"That Cadet Allen T. be allowed a second examination in Oct. in Math., Physics, and English for advancement to the 3d class, and that he be excused examination in French, having made a satisfactory record in that Department."
Concurred in.
I also submit herewith Reports of the Professors of the Academy as follows:
Supts Report as Professor:
The academic work under my immediate charge has, in the main, been satisfactorily accomplished. The First Class com-

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pleted the usual course in Moral and Political Science, and did the full work prescribed in Military Science. In the Military Department a change was deemed necessary in the distribution of studies. The work of the First Class in military studies being too much crowded, it was deemed best to place the subject of "Security and Information" in the Second Class and to transfer from the Second to the Third Class the instruction in Military Signalling with flag and heliograph. This relief was not felt by the first class of this year, but will be hereafter by its successors.
Some years ago the Board of Visitors at the suggestion of the Rev. Thos H. Law D. D., a graduate, directed the introduction of studies more distinctly religious and biblical than the course in Ethics previously pursued. After several years use of the Manual of Natural Theology and the Manual of Christian Evidences, I have become thoroughly convinced that these studies are out of place in any other than a Christian Denominational Seminary. Some fresh modern treatise on Ethics reflecting the advance in moral conduct brought about by the introduction of Christianity could be substituted to better and more general profit.
Report of Maj Cummings, Professor of English
To Col Asbury Coward 23d June 1900.
Supt. S. C. M. A.
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following Report of the work done

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by the Classes under my charge.
The members of the First Class have come to me alternately three and four times a week for lectures on the compositions and delivery of orations. Much good work has been done.
The Second Class has pursued the study of Intellectual Philosophy, by recitations and lectures by the Professors. During the last month the class has been engaged in the study of one of Shakespeare's plays. The progress of this class in general has been good.
The members of the Third Class have studied Logic and Rhetoric and Composition for the last half year. This is a good class. The recitations are held four times a week, with a lecture on the fifth day.
The Report of the work done by the members of the Fourth Class is written by Lieut Cantey and is enclosed with my Report.
Respectfully submitted
St. James Cummings
Maj & Prof Eng Lit & Hist.
Report of Lieut Cantey Asst in Eng.
To Maj St. James Cummings
Prof Eng Lit & Hist.
Sir: - I have the honor to submit the following Report of work done under my direction for the academic year just completed
The Fourth Class with, the exception of two cadets, has completed with the required proficiency the course prescribed for that class.

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This Class has been required to submit compositions weekly during the entire year; more than has been required of former classes. This I believe has been very beneficial.
Very respectfully & obediently submitted
J. W. Cantey
Asst in Eng.
Report of Det of Math & Engineering.
To Col Asbury Coward, Supt.
Sir: - I have the honor to submit the following Report for the Department of Mathematics and Engineering
The Fourth Class was instructed by Capt. Coleman.
The Third Class was divided into three sections while studying Geometry, one recitation hour being given to each section. For Trigonometry and Surveying the division was into two sections
The Class had considerable practice with the surveying instruments. The area of the Square was surveyed by using the Compass and again by the Transit. Railway curves were staked out with the transit and chain and also with the chain alone. The Plane Table was put into actual use, a base line being located measured and objects located. The Level was used and attention called to the adjustments.
The Second Class was instructed in Analytic Geometry by Capt Bond in order to enable me to have all the sections of the Third Class in Geometry. Upon the completion of Analytic Geometry, I took the class in Calculus. A new revised edition of the adopted

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text book was used. The instruction in the Differential and Integral Calculus, and the three methods of treatment were all used. Especial attention was paid to those processes that have practical application in Physics and Engineering.
The First Class studied as usual Analytic Mechanics, Hydromechanics, and Strength of Materials with Stresses in Structures. These studies constitute the course in Civil Engineering for the last year. There was no change of text book during the past year for this course. The text in all cases was supplemented by lectures and items of current interest in Engineering were called to the attention of the Class.
The grading of all the classes was upon the daily recitation or the monthly written examinations or upon both.
Respectfully submitted
Robert G. Thomas
Prof. Math & Engineering.

Report of Department of Mod. Languages

To Col Asbury Coward, Supt:
Sir: - I beg leave to submit the following report in regard to the classes under my instruction:
The First Class accomplished the course in German and their final examination was satisfactory.
The Second Class finished a thorough preparatory course, and hav-

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ing shown decided improvement in the latter part of it, I anticipate good results in the second year.
The Third Class has finished the course in French, the examination was satisfactory and the class will begin the study of German with the next session.
The Fourth Class which has developed considerably, has finished the preparatory course in French and will pursue the second part of the course during the next session.
I am glad to state that the discipline has been good and the results of the years work generally satisfactory. Very Respectfully
P. P. Mazyck
Maj & Prof Mod. Languages.

Report of Capt. O. J. Bond.

Col Asbury Coward, Supt.:
Sir: I have the honor to make the following Report of the work done in the Departments of Drawing & Bookkeeping and as Assistant in Mathematics during the academic year just ending.
The First Class began the course in Office Routine and Book-keeping in October, giving four and a half hours per week to the subject. Most of the class completed the prescribed course by April 1st, but some few were delayed a month or more longer. The work generally was of a very satisfactory character, and I believe that

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the course is an eminently valuable one, altho' it is not one which is ordinarily found in a college course.
Since Feby. 1st the First Class has recited to me twice a week in Astronomy, using Young's Elements as a text. The class was fortunate in having a trip to Wadesboro, N.C., May 26-28th for the purpose of observing the total eclipse of the sun on May 28th. The most elaborate scientific apparatus was erected at Wadesboro by the U. S. Government and two of the leading American Universities for the observation of this phenomenon, and the Cadets had the unusual privilege of having this apparatus exhibited to them and explained by some of the foremost astronomers of the world. Our own observations consisted of making photographs and drawings of the corona, observing the shadow bands, and making observations of temperature &c. All of the results were sent by request to the Director of the U. S. Naval Observatory at Washington, who has commended some of the work as very creditable.
The Second Class has been engaged with me three hours per week throughout the year in Low's Elementary Machine Drawing and Design, - which I consider a very excellent application of the principles of projection besides giving the students some valuable knowledge of machines.

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They have done very satisfactory work executing from six to ten drawings, of which they have made tracings and blue prints.
The first half of the year this class recited to me daily in mathematics, using Nichol's Plane and Solid Geometry, which was completed in the usual time.
The third class has been engaged throughout the year 2 1/2 hours per week, in drawing, using Tracey's Mechanical Drawing as a text. They have accomplished the course satisfactorily, having acquired a fair knowledge of cabinet isometric, and orthographic projections shadows and simple perspective. For the past two months, they have been studying plotting farm surveys, railroad profiles, and contour maps from field notes.
The Fourth Class has come to me two hours per week throughout the year in free hand drawing. The work required of them has been tentative, and they have not been graded, altho next year I think it advisable to give a more formal course on which they may be marked.
I respectfully recommend that the Board of Visitors authorize the detail next year of two members of the First Class, proficient in drawing, as assistants in the department of drawing to take charge of some of the work of that department. - Respectfully
O. J. Bond.
Post Adjutant, Asst Prof Math., Prof. Drawing & Book Keeping

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Report of Capt Coleman, Prof. Physics.
To Col Asbury Coward, Supt.
Dear Sir: - I have the honor to make the following report:
The First Class had work for October and November in Physics in the class room, and one month of laboratory practice. This was the beginning of our course of practical work in Physics.
The Second Class began the study of Physics in January and have had recitations and lectures three times per week and practical work twice per week. This class has not met expectations in their work; none however have been found deficient in this department.
The Fourth Class has had Physics since January three times per week in two sections; one reciting to me, the other to Lieut Parker.
I have also taught two sections of the Fourth Class in Mathematics.
The sum appropriated by the General Assembly for equipping the Physical Laboratory will be expended during the summer months; I hope to visit one or more of the University Summer Schools while in session, and will purchase at the factory such articles as our wants demand and the sum in hand wil supply.
Very Respectfully
J. T. Coleman
Capt and Prof of Physics

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Report of Department of Chemistry.
Col. Asbury Coward, Supt.
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report of the work done by the classes under my instruction for the past academic year.
In general the work of the classes has been very satisfactory and with the exception of a few all have completed the courses.
The First Class completed the usual course in Geology.
The Second Class, with the exception of a few completed the course in Qualitative Analysis.
The Third Class completed courses in General Inorganic Chemistry and Organic Chemistry.
This year owing to a slight change in the curriculum Organic Chemistry was taken up before Qualitative Analysis. The regular order will be resumed next year.
I also had charge of a section of the Fourth Class in Physics for Capt. Coleman. The work was very satisfactory.
Very Respectfully
Frances L. Parker Jr
Lieut and Asst Prof in charge of Chemistry

Report of the Military Department.

To Col Asbury Coward, Supt.
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report of the Military Department for the academic year 1899-1900.
The Second Class completed satisfactorily the U. S. Drill Regulations, Manual

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of Guard Duty, The Service of Security and Information and Signalling both with the flag and heliograph. With the flag the required speed was easily exceeded. With the heliograph the work was satisfactory and rate attained through the instruments are too much worn for speed. It is scarcely probable that these instruments can be used another season without repair.
The Third Class completed very proficiently the signaling with the flag, and attained a fair rate of speed with the much worn heliograph, though the class is large and there are but two instruments.
In the practical instruction in drill and field practice, in the solution of problems in minor tactics about the same ground has been covered as in former years. The corps has taken part in several street parades, but owing to there being no encampment and to an inability to obtain transportation to suitable ground the Corps has not had the opportunity for as much practice in problems in minor tactics and practice marches as was had last year.
In my opinion the corps has sustained that degree of proficiency in the performance of the close and of extended order drills and of the ceremonies, credited to it in past years.
The discipline has been fairly good; frequently there has been exhibited an insufficient appreciation of

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responsibility, such cases have been disciplined and a majority have yielded to the discipline.
I respectfully recommend that the use of the dress hat be re-instated at this Institution and also that the summer linen uniform be replaced by the khaki. The very slight additional cost of the khaki will probably be more than compensated for in its greater utility and durability, apart from the great superiority in appearance and conformity to modern military equipment.
Very respectfully & obediently
J. W. Cantey
Tactical Officer.

Report of Surgeon

To Col Coward Supt.
Sir: - I have the honor to submit the annual report of the Medical and Surgical Departments.
The health of the Corps has on the whole been good. The months in which there was most sickness were October, January and March, mostly among the recruits who always undergo a kind of acclimation the first year. A larger number of Recruits than usual came to the academy in October with latent malaria in their systems which with the changeable weather of that month brought on catarrs - malarial chills and fever. These cases of which there were a good many were easily controlled.

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In January Grippe prevailed to a considerable extent as it did in the City and State generally.
In March owing to the variable weather and the disregard of the recommendations of the Surgeon concerning woolen underwear, Grippe prevailed again to some extent.
Early in April two cases of typhoid fever occurred. One was clearly traceable to his home in the City. The second is difficult to place. It did not arise from any local cause. The cisterns had been emptied and calcimined at the beginning of the session and the water was pronounced pure by the City Bacteriologist. These cases were prompty furloughed and I understand are convalescing. No other cases have occurred.
Some other sick furloughs have been granted mostly for Bronchitis or general debility following Grippe. There are now six of the Corps on sick leave. The other diseases were those ailments incidental to all institutions and need not be classified.
I would especially call your attention and that of the Board of Visitors to the remarkable improvement in the health of weak and sickly cadets, in some instances tuberculous, during their stay in the academy. The methodical habits, regular exercise and training makes strong robust graduates out of poor debilitated recruits. This I regard as one of the best features of the school, it is a 

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pity that it is not more generally recognized by parents and guardians.
I beg to commend the services of Dr. L. L. Gregory, a graduate of the Institution, who was my assistant for nine months of the session; and also of Mr M. P. Moorer of St Georges, an undergraduate in medicine, who has rendered efficient services for the past three months in Dr Gregory's place.
Respectfully submitted
Frances L Parker
Surgeon S. C. M. A.

Property.

The building is in fair condition but is kept so only by constant repairing. The cost of repairs thus far will be shown in the financial statement of the Quarter Master. He has not yet expended the full amount, $750 00, allowed by the General Assembly for this purpose.
The equipment of the Class Rooms has been selected and is now stored. It was thought best to delay putting it into position until after the vacation begins, so as to start the ensuing year with everything fresh.
The appropriation granted by the General Assembly for improving the equipment of the Physical Laboratory has not yet been expended because Capt Coleman, in charge of the Physical Department expects to visit several schools during the vacation and will thus be able to make bet-

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ter selections, and by personally visiting the dealers and makers, be able to make better terms.
Health
The health of the corps has been good, as will be seen from the accompanying Report of the Surgeon. I regret to state however that during the last half of the year there has been on the part of some of the Cadets a disposition to abuse the Hospital provision by a too ready resort to the medical department for exemption from duty on very trivial ailments. This is an avail that will readily increase if not checked in some way. I am not yet ready to propose a plan for its suppression; but if the evil manifests itself another year some radical cure must be tried.
Discipline
The discipline and military efficiency of the Corps has been kept up to a high standard, and this is due to the indefatigable work of the Tactical Officer, Lieut Cantey. In connection with the Military Department I would recommend that a small equipment for the ready repair of arms be provided for. A small forge and necessary tools in small room, with the occasional employment of a gun smith, and a supply of extra parts, would, I think, be the most economical way of meeting what is now a pressing want. The injury to the gun and accoutrements occasioned by the carelessness, negligence

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or wilfulness of a Cadet could then be promptly noted and the cost of repair be charged to his account. In this way the recurring expenses of the outfit could be minimized.
Very Respectfully
Asbury Coward
Superintendent

The Superintendent reporting the following vacancies existing in the Corps for the ensuing year from the various Counties as follows: Abbeville 2, Bamberg 1, Charleston 1, Clarendon 1, Colleton 1, Darlington 1, Edgefield 1, Florence 1, Greenwood 1, Kershaw 1, Marlboro 1, Marion 1, Orangeburg 1, Pickens 1, Richland 1, Saluda 1, Spartanburg 1, Sumter 1 - Total 19 -
Upon motion of Col. Aldrich the question of the propriety of asking the Legislature to increase the number of Beneficiary Cadets was refused to a Committee consisting of himself and Mr McMahan.
The following Resolution introduced by Mr McMahan was unanimously adopted:
Resolved: That Capt O. J. Bond be raised to the Chair of Professor of Drawing and Astronomy and associate Professor of Mathematics at a salary of fifteen hundred ($1,500 00) Dollars a year and that he be given the rank of Major. That this resolution take effect on October 1st 1900.
The Report of the Committee appointed for the purpose of changing the Regulations of the academy was post-

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poned and the Committee continued.
The matter of securing new arms and accoutrements from the War Department to replace the old and inserviceable ones now on hand was discussed. The correspondence between the U. S. and Citadel authorities was referred to Genl. Floyd who was asked to see Gen. Buffington, Chief or Ordnance U. S. A., personally.
Maj Lucas moved that the Board renew its application to the War Department requesting the detail of an officer of the Army to fill the position of Commandant of Cadets. Carried.
Col Aldrich moved that the correspondence and negotiations on this subject be left to the Chairman of the Board and that he be given power to act - Carried.
Upon motion of Maj Lucas the Chairman of the Board was authorized to tender the use of the Barracks for the teachers at the meeting of the National Educational Association in July.
Board adjourned
E. M. Blythe
Secty

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Charleston Hotel
Charleston S.C. June 25/1900
The Board met at 1.30 P.M.
Report of the Quarter Master was read.
The following Committee Report was read and received as information and the Committee continued:
Charleston S.C. June 22d 1900
To the Board of Visitors of the S.C.M.A.
Gentlemen:
The Committee appointed by your Honorable Board to "examine into the condition and needs of the Citadel" beg to submit the following report,
In the opinion of the Committee the following constitute the most urgent needs of the Citadel at this time:
Heating.
The present arrangement for heating the buildings to wit: by grates is distinctly and entirely unsatisfactory in that
1. It is not conducive to cleanliness.
2. It is not always feasible to keep a sufficient supply of fuel on hand to guard against especially cold spells of weather and discomfort is unavoidably experienced at times.
3. It is not economical on account of the practical impossibility of preventing the waste of fuel either by careless handling or incomplete combustion.
4. It is dangerous to the lives and property of the occupants of the buildings on account of the improper construction of the said buildings. It seems that the floor joists instead of being stopped at the chimneys by a "header" are so constructed as to project into

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the brick chimneys. It will, therefore, be readily seen that a considerable amount of fire in the grate may so heat the rafters approximate [illegible] as to cause them to take fire. We are in fact informed that several fires have been discovered to have originated in this way.
After a careful review of the whole situation as shown by the foregoing statement of facts and a careful investigation of the various methods of heating, we are of the opinion that a change from the present method to the system of heating by hot water would be a decided change for the better, in that the method we mention is the cheapest safest and most satisfactory method of heating in vogue. Our information is that a plant sufficient for all purposes can be installed for $5,000 00 at the utmost.
Laundry.
A comparative statement of the cost of doing laundry work for the Citadel (which is done by contract) and the cost of the same for the Porter Cadets (which is done by their own plant) will, at once, convince the Board of the advisability of a change in our present system.
Cost of regular laundry for 115 persons at Citadel for a period of 9 months $1024.00
Extra linen for one month 69.00
Total for session 1093.00

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Cost of laundry for 115 persons at Porter Academy for 9 months $486.00

Comparison
Cost to Citadel by contract 1093.00
Cost to Porter Academy by own plant 486.00
Loss to Citadel by not owning own plant $607.00

Deduct from this however ten percent on cost of plant for wear and tear and renewal of same $150.00
And we still have loss to the Citadel $457.00

Cost of Porter Plant
Machinery $600.00
Boiler 900.00
Total $1500.00

Upon the first estimate it will be seen that the Citadel, if it operated its own plant, would save in less than three years, enough to pay for same, and under the second it would save enough in less than four years to pay for the plant.

Lighting.
The present system of lighting the Cadet quarters by lamps does not meet the hearty approval of those in authority, but your committee does not feel warranted in suggesting a change at this time owing to the insufficiency of appropriation.
As to the "condition" of the Citadel in its various departments we beg to report that the arms and accoutrements of the cadets are prac-

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tically worn out and should be replaced. We, therefore, urge upon the Board the placing of the matter in its strongest light before the War Department of the Government to the end that this defect be remedied.
Our examination into other conditions has not been, up to this time, so thorough and complete as to warrant a report on the same at this time, and we respectfully ask for further time.
All of which is respectfully submitted
C. S. Gadsden
W. W. Lewis
E. M. Blythe
Committee.
The above report was read, reviewed as information, and the Committee consisting, in addition to those whose names are signed to the Report of General Floyd and Mr McMahan, was continued.
Mr Lewis introduced a resolution seconded by Mr. Blease, which after a complete and thorough discussion and some amendments, adopted in the following form:
Resolved: That the Department of French & German be and the same is hereby abolished and that the Department of Latin be and the same is hereby established, that an Assistant Professor at a salary of $1,000 00 per annum be elected and placed in charge of said department; these changes to go into effect October 1st 1901.
Those voting for the Resolution as it was finally passed were: Col Gads-

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den and Messrs Lewis, Blease, McMahan and Blythe - 5
Those voting against were: Maj Lucas Gen. Floyd and Col Aldrich - 3
Board adjourned at 2.30 P.M.
Edgeworth M. Blythe
Secretary.

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Charleston S.C. Dec. 11th 1900.

Pursuant to notice, the Annual Meeting of the Board of Visitors of the South Carolina Military Academy was called to order at the Charleston Hotel Tuesday, Dec. 11th 1900 at 9 oclock P.M. by Maj. J. J. Lucas, Acting Chairman. Present Maj. J. J. Lucas, Gen. J. W. Floyd, and W. W. Lewis. Upon motion W. W. Lewis was appointed acting secretary.
A quorum not being present the meeting was adjourned to meet at the Citadel at 10 o'clock A.M. on Wednesday December 12th 1900.
- Wednesday December 12th 1900. -
The Board was called to order by Col. C. S. Gadsden, Chairman at the Citadel at 10 oclock A.M.
Present:
Col. C. S. Gadsden, Chairman Hon J. J. McMahan,
Maj. J. J. Lucas, Gen. J. W. Floyd,
Bishop Capers, Gov. M. B. McSweeny,
Col. Robt. Aldrich, W. W. Lewis, act. Secty.

Upon motion, the minutes of the Semi Annual Meeting held in June 1900 upon being read, were approved.
Upon the completion of the reading of the minutes the Board took a recess to witness a review of the Corps of Cadets and to inspect the Barracks.
Upon the reassembling of the Board the matter of the report of the Committee on amendment of Paragraph 98 of the Regulations was taken up by the Board, and after discussion it was decided to continue the committee with instructions to them to report to the Board a new regulation setting forth therein the views of the committee on the subject of said amendment.

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Gen Floyd verbally reported to the Board that he had increased assurances from the U. S. government that the Corps of Cadets would be supplied with new arms by March 1901 at the latest. Received as information.
In the matter of the detail of an army officer as Commandant of Cadets, the Chairman reported that he had made no further application for such detail, deeming it useless to do so on accounting of the present foreign complications in which the government is involved.
The committee on the needs of the Citadel not being able to make further report were continued.
Col. A. Coward, Superintendent rendered the following report:

Col. C. S. Gadsden
Chairman. Board of Visitors,
Dear Sirs: - I have the honor to submit the following report of the affairs of the S.C. Military Academy since the close of the last academic year.
The official Register published in July shows that after the commencement and the action then taken by the Board of Visitors there remained upon the rolls of the academy (49 Beneficiary and 4 Pay Cadets) ------ 91 cadets.
Since Oct 1st there have been
received upon your warrant
21 Beneficiary and 25 Pay 46 Recruits.
Total 137
Failed to return 3
Permitted to retire 2
Hon. discharged 2 7
Proper enroll. for session --- 130

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Proper enrollment, forward 130
Pay recruit resigned, 1
Under suspension, 1
Awaiting action of Board, 1
Absent sick, 2 5
Present for Duty, 125
The three cadets noted as "Failed to return" have made no application for discharge, nor explanation of their failure to return. They must therefore be noted on the academic register as Deserted.
The papers in the case of pay Cadet J. W. Tribble now in suspension will be found in accompanying packet marked "A."
The papers in the case of Cadet H. D. Jordan (pay) waiting action of the Board of Visitors are in packet marked "B."
I regret that the contemplated furnishing of the class-rooms has not yet been completed. The reason for this, together with a statement of expenditures thus far made are given in the report of the Committee having charge of the matter of which Maj. P. P. Mazyck and is chairman - Packet marked "C."
The progress made in equipping the Physical laboratory and the statement of disbursement thus far made will be found in the report of Capt. J. T. Coleman in charge of the department of Physics Packet marked "D."
I respectfully present for your consideration the proposition orally made to you last winter in relation to the fees required of pay cadets. It is obvious that the attendance of this class of cadets is a variable quantity and that the income of the academy varies directly with it. On the other hand, the necessary cost of keeping up the institution to a satisfactory standard of work is constant within certain limits of attendance -, say from one hundred to one hundred and fifty cadets.

[Page 33]

Consequently, as the lower limit is approached the problem of making the income cover the necessary expenditures increases in difficulty even to the point of impossibility. To this fact was due a large part of the accumulated deficiency for which the General Assembly was asked to provide at its last session The proposition briefly stated is that the General Assembly be urged to appropriate the sum of $25000 00 a year "For the support of the Military Academy instead of $20000 00 per year "For the Support of the Beneficiary Cadets" in that institution
Of the $25000 00 to be asked for, $20000 00 should be used to provide the maintenance of the 68 beneficiary cadets as heretofore, and the remaining $5000 00 to enable the institution to effectuate two most important results, namely (1st) to counteract the serious consequences of variable attendance of pay cadets, and (2d) to encourage a larger attendance of these by lowering the academic fees from $300 00 to $250 00 per annum. The way the first result would be realized may be seen from the following tabulated calculation:

[See table on original document.]

I have selected in this table 100 and 168 as the limits of attendance for the reason that between them the items of salaries, fuel, lights, and water rates are invariable. Below 100 a slight

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reduction of salaries might be made - and above 168 an increase would be necessary. The item of repairs, though generally large, is variable, but not dependent on attendance. The column headed "differences" shows plainly how the evil result of a small attendance of pay pupils will be counteracted by the plan proposed. It would be noted that at the larger limit, the total income will be the same under the $250 basis as it would be under the present terms. At that limit, and beyond it to the full capacity of our barracks, the income would be sufficiently large to run the institution without embarrassment.
The second result would be a simple act of justice and fairness to our pay cadets. By paying $300 00 a year it is estimated that they defray the entire cost of their tuition, and maintenance. They receive no help from the State except the use of the barracks.
All students of other colleges, even when they pay tuition fees, are beneficiaries to an amount equal to the difference between the tuition fee and the actual tuition cost.
By tuition cost I mean the amount ascertained by adding together the salaries of professors and instructors, the wages of janitors, the cost of keeping up libraries including librarian's fees or salary - the cost of heating and lighting class rooms, of materials used in laboratory not otherwise provided for - of every thing in fact, that is incident or contributory to the work of instruction, and dividing this sum by the number of pupils. The result is from two to four times the tuition cost fee, and the difference is a clear gift to all students, poor and rich alike. It would seem therefore, that the request for the modest sum of sum of [sic] fifty thousand dollars apiece for the benefit of our pay students is equitable, reasonable, and just. I trust that this proposition will com-

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mend itself to the judgement of the Board, and that proper steps will be taken to urge action upon it by the General Assembly.
Very respectfully,
Asbury Coward, Supt.

Papers in the cases of Cadets Tribble and Jordan H. D., were read by the Superintendent, after hearing which the Board decided to take up the case of Cadet Tribble for discussion and action.
After hearing the entire case it was the decision of the Board that Cadet Tribble's suspension be removed, and that for violation of the Regulations in having spiritous liquors in his possession he be restricted for thirty days and be given ten demerits.
In the case of Cadet Jordan H. D. charged with violating Sec. 75 of the Regulations in introducing spiritous liquors into the Academy and selling the same, he was found guilty and the penalty fixed at dismissal from the Academy.
Upon hearing the appeal of Cadet O'Driscoll from the action of the Superintendent in demeriting the Cadet for sleeping in section room, it was decided to dismiss the appeal and so ordered.
It was unanimously decided to ask the General Assembly for an appropriation of $750 00 to complete the equipment of the Physical Laboratory.
A communication from the Academic Staff on the subject of the substitution of the department of Latin for French and German was read by the Superintendent, and upon motion the same was received as information and referred to the Committee on the needs of the Citadel.

At 3 oclock a recess was taken until 5 30 oclock P.M. - 

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Meeting called to order at 5.30 oclock P.M. by the Chairman
The report of Lieut J. W. Cantey, Tactical Officer, upon the military department of the Citadel was read by the Superintendent.
His recommendation that the khaki uniform be substituted for the brown linen for summer wear was adopted by the Board, and the Superintendent ordered to copy the same into effect.
At this juncture Capt. Coleman of the Association of Graduates waited upon the Board with an invitation to attend the Annual Meeting of the Association.
In response to this invitation Maj. Lucas was appointed a Committee to wait upon the Association and convey to it the regrets of the Board at its inability, on account of press of business, to attend.
Maj. Lucas reported that he had obeyed the orders of the Board, and was requested by the Association to convey to the Board its regrets at being deprived of the pleasure of having the Board with them.
A communication was had from Maj. O. J. Bond asking the Board for an expression of opinion as to whether the salary of $1500 00 voted him at the June meeting was intended to include compensation for performing the duties of post adjutant.
The Board answered this communication by deciding that said salary was not intended to cover compensation for performing the duties of post adjutant and ordered that for the latter duties he be paid the additional sum of one hundred dollars.
Communications from Majs. Thomas and Cummings and Lieut. Cantey in reference to an increase of salary on the part of the latter and a restoration to original  figures on the part of

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first two were read.
In response thereto the Board adopted the following resolution:
"It is moved and unanimously adopted that the Board has heard the several communications of the officers of the Academy asking for a restitution of their salaries to the amounts from which they were recently reduced, and while appreciating the request, feels itself unable to make the restitution asked for at this time."
Leave of one week was granted the Base Ball team to enter the Collegiate Contests at different permits in the state during this session. was granted.
A general leave of absence from 2 o'clock Friday December 21st to midnight of Thursday December 27th 1900 was granted the Corps of Cadets.
Superintendents Annual Report of Receipts and Expenditures for the Academy for the 1900 was read.
Following is a summary thereof:

[See chart on original document.]

After a full discussion it was decided to ask the Legislature for a general appropriation of of [sic] $25000 00 and the Chairman of the Board was directed to lay the matter before the Legislature in the proper manner. 
There being no further business brought to the attention of the Board it was accordingly adjourned sine die.
W. W. Lewis
Acting Secretary